华东地区垃圾焚烧飞灰基本特性分析

ANALYSIS OF BASIC CHARACTERISTICS CONCERNING FLY ASH FROM MSW INCINERATION IN EAST CHINA

以华东地区3个正在运行的城市生活垃圾发电厂的垃圾焚烧飞灰为研究对象，对不同飞灰的微观形貌、矿物组成、浸出特性进行了研究，结果表明：（1）焚烧飞灰由大量的不规则结晶相和非晶相组成，外观较为松散，呈球状、椭球状或片状并交错在一起，粒径以（50～80）μm居多；（2）3种飞灰的主要结晶相为：氯化物（NaCl、KCl、CaCl2：）、钙类化合物（CaCO3、CaSO4）、硅酸盐、氧化物及其它复杂化合物；（3）焚烧飞灰为高浸出毒性的危险废弃物，其中Cd、Cr、Pb、Cu、Zn的质量分数均比土壤中高出很多，3种飞灰中的Pb、Cr以及FA1和FA2灰样中的Zn浸出值均超过标准值。

Taking fly ash from municipal solid waste （MSW） incineration in three operating power plants using MSW as fuel in East China as objects of study, the microscopic form ＆ appearance, mineral composition, and leaching characteristics of different fly ash have been studied. The results show that： （1）the fly ash is mainly composed from large amount of irregular crystaline and amorphous compounds, the appearace of fly ash is loose, the spherical, oval, and flake particles are interlaced in the fly ash, the partide size of fly ash is mainly 50μm-80μm;（2）the main crystaline phase of fly ash are chlorides （NaCl, KCl,CaCl2 ）, cacium compounts（CaCO3 , CaSO4 ）, silicates, oxides, and other complex compounts; （3）the fly ash has higher leaching toxicity, thus, being classified as hazardous waste, the mass fraction of cadmium, chromium, lead, copper, and zinc in fly ash is much higher than that in soil, the leaching ratio of Pb, Cr in three kinds of fly ash, as well as the leaching value of Zn from FA1 and FA2 are exceeding the set standard value for hazardous waste.