国际关系影响下的战后东南亚文化发展

Postwar Development of Southeast Asian Culture Influenced by the International Relations

国际关系是影响当代东南亚文化发展的一个重要因素。把1945～2005年的东南亚文化放在国际关系的背景下进行探讨,可以得出这样的结论:影响冷战时期东南亚文化发展的主要国际关系因素是冷战格局和意识形态对抗、民族解放运动和独立的赢得、亚洲国家传统友谊的恢复和新关系的发展以及新独立国家对原宗主国及其留下的文化遗产的关系。在这些因素影响下,东南亚出现了越南式、菲律宾式、泰国式、缅甸式、新加坡式以及印尼式等不同的发展模式。冷战后东南亚文化在新的国际关系下发展的主要趋势,是东南亚各国在努力发展民族文化的同时,提出了并在积极推进东盟区域文化的一体化,但东南亚区域文化尚在形成中;在更开放的环境下,东南亚文化更多地受到更多的外来影响,但由于国情的不同,东南亚各国受外来影响的方向和内容也有所不同,这些都将使东南亚文化在一体化有所发展的情况下仍然存在着多样化和复杂化的情景。这两种趋势并存反过来也将影响东南亚的国际关系和政治发展。

International relations are the important factor influencing the development of Southeast Asian culture. Researches of the Southeast Asian culture during 1945 - 2005 from the perspective of international relations show that the major influencing factors are the Cold War, ideological confrontation, national liberation movement and the success in independence, the recovery of the traditional friendship and the new relationship development among Asian countries, and the relationship between the newly independent countries and their old colonial ruling coun- tries as well as the cultural heritage of the latter. Because of these factors, there have appeared different develop- mental modes such as those of Vietnam, Philippine, Thailand, Myanmar, Singapore, and Indonesia. After the Cold War, Southeast Asian countries, while trying to promote their own traditional cultures, advocated the integra- tion of the ASEAN regional cultures, which is still in progress. In the opening- up situation, Southeast culture is increasingly influenced by other cultures. But because of different cultural backgrounds, Southeast countries have different ways in the absorption of other cultures, which makes complex the integration of the ASEAN regional cul- tures. These trends have influences on the international relations and political development of Southeast Asia.