摘要
目的分析Orem自理模式对精神分裂症患者临床自护能力的影响。方法将145例住院精神分裂症患者按入院先后顺序，分为实验组75组和对照组70例。实验组以Orem理论为框架，采取相应的护理措施，与同期住院按分级护理标准实施护理计划的对照组的护理效果相比较。分别在入院时和住院2个月后，采用住院患者护理观察量表（NOSIE）和社会功能量表（SDSS）对所有患者进行调查。结果实验组在社会能力、社会兴趣、个人卫生等积极因素的提高和精神病表现、迟缓、抑郁、激惹等消极因素的恢复方面，显著优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论从护理角度实施自理模式，有效体现了护理活动的独立性、专业性，有利于实现护患的共同目标，运用Orem的自护学说能明显提高精神病患者的自我护理能力，使患者早日回归社会。
Objective To analyze the influence of using Orem serf-caring phttern on the improvement of serf-nursing ability for patients with schizophrenia. Methods Divided 145 patients with schizophrenia into the experimental group （75 cases） and control group （70 cases） according to the sequence. Orem serf-caring pattern was used in the experimental group, while the routine nursing cares were used in control group. Investigated all the patients by NOSIE and SDSS at the beginning of research and two months later respectively, compared the datum between the two groups. Results The indexes which can indicate the aspects such as social ability, social interest and personal health in the experimental group were better than those of in control group. The recovering condition about mental diseases in the experimental group were better than that of in control group. Conclusions Using proper nursing pattern according to the nursing angle can effectively embody the independency and specialization of nursing, and then can effectively improve the cooperation between patients and nurses, ameliorate the self-nuring ability of patients, guarantee their quality of life.
