中国制造业产业集中与地理集中关系的实证研究

Empirical research on relation of industrial concentration and geographic concentration of manufacturing in China

一般研究认为企业在空间布局上的集聚将提高生产效率,使得企业间竞争加剧,最终导致产业集中度上升.本文利用中国制造业数据,对这一假设进行了实证检验,并利用国外数据进行了比较研究.结果发现,我国制造业的产业集中度与其地理集中度之间没有明显的相关关系,产业的地理集中现象在不同国家的不同产业之间存在较大差异.在我国现阶段,低廉的要素价格降低了产业发展对规模效应的要求,因此产业的空间集聚程度相对较低,制造业在各地区有可能形成独立的产业集群.

There is a common postulation that geographic concentration will increase the productivity of the firms and make them accelerate competition and finally induce a higher industry concentration ratio. An empirical research is taken with data from manufacturing in China to verify aforesaid postulation and compare with overseas practice. The results show that there is no obvious correlativity between the industrial concentration and geographic concentration. Different countries have different industrial geographic concentration in different industries. In nowadays China, low factors price reduce the request of industry development for the scale effect, which make the industrial geographic concentration ratio comparatively lower, the manufacturing in different areas capably form different unattached industry clusters.