艾滋病病人自杀意念的心理、社会影响因素研究

Study on the social psychology influencing factors of suicidal ideation in people living with AIDS

目的了解艾滋病人自杀意念的发生率,探讨艾滋病人产生自杀意念的心理、社会因素。方法选择3个艾滋病项目县中能随访到的175名艾滋病人作为研究对象。用自制的艾滋病人心理健康状况与相关生活经历调查表、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、家庭功能量表(APGAR)、生命质量量表对目标人群进行调查。结果过去曾有过自杀行为的有12人(占6.9%),其中有6人(50.0%)自杀的主要目的是解脱痛苦;有62人(35.4%)曾想过自杀或故意伤害自己;logistic逐步回归分析结果表明,生活质量和抑郁程度与是否产生自杀行为间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);自杀意念的产生与性别、配偶感染HIV的情况、家庭功能和抑郁程度因素有关。结论艾滋病人自杀意念的产生是多种社会心理因素综合作用的结果,改善艾滋病人抑郁程度和家庭功能状况是降低艾滋病人自杀意念率和自杀行为的一个重要途径。

To evaluate psychosocial factors and patterns on suicidal ideation of people living with AIDS in Anhui Province. Methods 175 AIDS patients were selected as the subjects. Data were collected using self-rating depressive scale （SDS）, the APGAR, quality of life scale and a questionnaire designed by ourselves. Results 6.9% （12/175） of AIDS patients have self-inflicted wound or suicidal behavior previously, and 50.0% of AIDS patients＇ intention were free from pain, 35.4 % （62/ 175） AIDS patients had thought suicide or deliberately injuried themselves in the past. The results of analysis showed that the quality of life, degree of depression were the significant predicting variables of self-injurious behavior （P 〈 0.05）. The stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that sex, HIV-infected of spouse, family functioning, degree of depression were the significant predicting variables of suicidal ideation. Conclusions AIDS patients＇ suicidal ideation to emerge is due to various social-psychic factors. An important way for decrease self-injurious behavior and suicidal ideation rate would be through improving family function and the degree of depression among people living with AIDS.