广州市外来务工人员婚前医学检查调查

Survey on health examination before marriage in married migrants of Guangzhou

目的分析影响流动人口婚检态度和行为的相关因素,为提高流动人口的婚检行为提供参考。方法采用统一的"贫困地区外出打工群体(流动人口)生殖健康需求与服务(已婚女性)"问卷和"贫困地区外出打工群体(流动人口)生殖健康需求与服务(已婚男性)"问卷对广州市3423名打工的已婚流动人口进行问卷调查,并对婚检的相关问题进行分析。结果本次调查的人群中做过婚前体检的占66.92%,未做过的占33.08%。认为婚检有必要的占80.96%,没必要的占8.86%,说不清楚的占9.96%。在性别、文化程度和职业方面,流动人口的婚检态度和行为存在差异,强制婚检取消的政策和经济原因影响流动人口的婚检态度和行为的作用有限。结论多数流动人口对婚检认可,但实际的婚检行为相对较低。这需要提高流动人口婚检服务的可及性来满足婚检服务的需求,同时要考虑性别、职业以及文化程度的差异。

To learn the attitude and behaviors of health examination before marriage in migrants and analyze possible factors which affect them, in order to provide the information for promoting health examination in migrants. Methods The survey was conducted in 3 423 married migrants with questionnaires （questionnaire on reproductive demands and services of married female migrants from rural areas and questionnaire on reproductive demands and services of married male migrants from rural areas）and the relevant items with health examination before marriage were analyzed, Results 66,92 % migrants received health examination before marriage and 33.08 % did not ; 80,96 % migrants thought health examination before marriage necessary, 8.86% migrants did not, 9.96% migrants were not clear. There was a difference of the attitude and behavior of health examination between different sexes, educational levels and professions. The policy to cancel compulsory premarital examinations and economic reasons affecting migrants＇ attitude to and practice in premarital examinations have only limited effect. Conclusions Many migrants agree that health examination before marriage is necessary, but with little action. It is necessary to strengthen the accessibility of services for the demands, and the difference of attitude and behavior in the sexes, professions and culture levels should be considered.