高原鼠兔家群空间领域的季节性动态格局

Seasonal dynamic pattern of spacial territory in social groups of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae)

为探讨高原鼠兔家群空间领域的季节特征,分别于2005年和2006年的5 ～8月,在青海省玛沁县,采用标志重捕法和最小多边形面积法对其家群巢区和核域进行了研究。结果表明,不同季节,高原鼠兔巢区和核域面积存在显著差异。5、6月份,成体巢区面积显著大于幼体,但二者核域面积却无显著差异; 7月份,成体与第1胎幼体巢区及核域面积均显著大于第2胎。5、6月份雄性成体巢区显著大于7、8月份, 6、7月份雌性成体巢区显著大于5月和8月份。巢区及核域面积均与家群个体数呈极显著性正相关关系,说明季节和家群结构均可对高原鼠兔空间领域产生重要作用。

From May to August of 2005 and 2006,the home range and core area within social groups of plateau pikas（Ochotona curzoniae） were studied in Maqin Country,Qinghai Province,by mark-recapture and minimum convex polygon methods.Home range and core area sizes were significantly different among different months.In May and June home range sizes of adults were significantly larger than those of juveniles,but there were no significant differences in core area sizes between them;in July,home range and core area sizes of adults and first-litter juveniles were significantly larger than those of second-litters.In May and June home range sizes of adult males were significantly larger than those in July and August;in June and July,home range sizes of adult females were significantly larger than those in May and August.There was a significant positive correlation between home range or core area sizes and the number of plateau pikas within social groups.The results indicated that season and social group structure each had a great effect on spacial territory.