湖南石门方言的轻声与变调

On the Light Sound of Shimen Dialect in Hunan and its Variation

石门方言里,每个词语都有与语法结构相对应的轻重格式。轻重格式里的轻读音为石门方言的轻声。石门方言的轻声不限于重轻式,轻声音变主要表现为原有声调的变形。这种轻声引起的声调的变化是石门方言里惟一的变调形式。轻声变调所产生的调值一般与本调有关,与前后音节的声调无关,可分为语法变调、区别新旧词的变调和别义变调等。语法变调中的结构变调是石门方言轻声变调的主流。这些不同类型的轻声变调目前已出现合流的趋势。

In Shimen dialect, every word has light and heavy pattern corresponding to its grammatical structure. The light sound here refers to the light unstressed sound. In Shimen dialect, the light sound is not restricted by heavy light pattern. Light sound variation is mainly found in the variation of the shape of the original tone. The variation of tone caused by the light sound is the only form of tone variation in this dialect. The tone value resulting from the tone variation is related to the original tone and irrelative to the syllables around it. They can be grouped into grammatical variation, variation in classifying new and old words and different meaning variation, etc. The structural tone variation in grammatical variation is the mainstream in light sound tone variation in Shimen dialect. All these different lightsound tone variation have a tendency to combine together.