江苏地温水温场特征及地热异常分布规律与控制条件探讨

Geotemperature Field Feature and Distribution Law of Geothermal Anomaly and Their Control Conditions

江苏地温分布的一般规律是：坳陷区地温高于隆起区，坳陷区中次级正向构造（隆、凸起）高于负向构造（坳、凹陷），隆起区中则相反。此外，地温随深度加大而增高。全省的第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ含水层中，共划分出热水异常３５个，按平面分布的重叠性归并为２１个地热异常，其中大部分可归纳为５个异常带。扬子准地台区是本省地热异常的主要分布区。对地温分布起控制作用或重要影响的因素是区域构造、深部地壳结构、岩石热物理性质、岩浆及地下水活动。江苏地温分布主要受燕山运动以来，特别是挽近地质时期仍然活动的构造体系（主要是新华夏系和华夏式构造）的控制。因处于新华夏系第二隆起带，本省地温的封闭条件不甚理想。地热异常及地热田的热源主要来自地下深处经自然增温而形成的热量。地下热水的通道主要是活动性断裂，故此。

The general distribution law of geotemperature is that the geothermal gradient of down-warping area is higher than that of upwelling area and the geothermal gradient of medium or secondary grade positive strutures in down-warping area is higher than that of negative structures.The gradient distribution in upwelling area is opposite from the down-warping area.The deeper the depth,the higher the geothermal gradient.There have been divided into 35 thermal water anomalies in No.II,No.III and No.IV aquifers and 21 anomalies were merged based on the superimposed plane distribution in which most of anomalies fallen into 5 anomaly zones in Jiangsu.Yangtze paraplatform is a major distribution region for geothermal anomaly. The important and control factors on geothermal distribution are regional tectonics,deep crust sturctures,thermal physical properties,magma and underground water activity.The thermal distribution in Jiangsu are controlled largely by tectonic systems since Yanshanian movement,especially Neocathaysian and Cathaysian structural systems.Located in second mole track of Neocathaysian system,the enclosed conditions of geotemperature in Jiangsu are imperfect.The heat sources of geotemperature anomaly and geothermal fields originate from quantity of heat which is formed by natural temperature increment in depth.The active faults constitute pathway for geothermal water mainly then, the geothermal anomaly is closely related to seismic activity.