摘要
1974年在赫尔辛基签署的关于《波罗的海区域海洋环境保护公约》可能是在波罗的海地区最重要的环境保护协议。本篇文章是首次运用原始档案资料第一次探究本公约的历史,也称之为《赫尔辛基公约》。这些原始资料主要出自芬兰外交部的档案。我们从国际政治角度研究了《赫尔辛基公约》整个签署的过程中芬兰的作用。本研究主要集中在芬兰、瑞典和苏联从20世纪60年代末到1974年的国家政党。我们表明,冷战政治从若干方面影响《赫尔辛基公约》的谈判和内容。我们也认为苏联利用新出现的国际环境问题作为一种新的强权政治的工具。
The Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area signed in 1974 in Helsinki is probably the most important environmental agreement consummated in the Baltic Sea region.This article is the first study that explores the history of this agreement,also known as the Helsinki Convention,by using primary archival sources.The principal sources are the archives of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland.We examine the role of Finland in the process that led to the signing of the Helsinki Convention from the perspective of international politics.The study focuses primarily on Finnish,Swedish,and Soviet state-level parties from the end of the 1960s to 1974.We show that Cold War politics affected in several ways negotiations and contents of the Helsinki Convention.We also argue that the Soviet Union used the emerging international environmental issues as a new tool of power politics.
