北黄海冷水团温、盐多年变化特征及影响因素

Interannual variation of temperature and salinity of northern Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass and its probable cause

基于1976～1999年的海洋调查资料，主要研究了北黄海冷水团温、盐的多年变化特征，并结合该时间区间内黄河径流量及海洋站的气温、风速等资料探讨影响北黄海冷水团温、盐变化的因素．结果表明，北黄海冷水团在这24a间温度稍呈上升趋势（0．005℃／a），盐度升降趋势则不明显．其温度主要受冬季气温影响，黑潮现象会使温度变异．盐度主要受黄海暖流、渤海热通量、海域冬季大风的共同作用；黄河径流量可能不是影响北黄海冷水团盐度变化的主要因素，但其径流量的大幅度变化也会影响北黄海冷水团的盐度变化趋势．

The aim of this paper is to analyze the interannual variation of temperature and salinity of the northern Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass （NHC） and factors leading to this variation, based on data collected during 1976-1999. The results outline linear trends of NHC temperature by ＋ 0. 005℃ /a,while salinity doesn＇t have an obviously upward or dowmward trend. Winter air temperature is the main factor affecting the NHC temperature. But NHC temperature would be higher after Kuroshio Meander appeared. The salinity variation of NHC is the co-effect of Huanghai Sea Warm Current, heat flux of Bohai Sea and strong wind in winter. Freshwater in Huanghe River is not the main factor leads to the yearly variation of the NHC salinity, but its variation in a huge value would affect the trends of the NHC salinity.