阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征对儿童的影响

Effect of OSAHS on children growth and their clinical features

目的了解单纯性鼾症(primary snoring,PS)和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)儿童的生长发育和临床特征是否存在差异。方法采用多导睡眠监测(polysomnography,PSG)对116例打鼾儿童进行区分,对所有儿童进行身高和体重的测量,对其家长进行相关临床表现的问卷调查。结果41例PS儿童中生长异常的有13例(31.7%),其中生长迟缓的有2例(4.8%),体重低下的有1例(2.4%),而肥胖的有10例(24.4%)。75例OSAHS儿童中生长异常的有17例(22.7%),其中生长迟缓的有6例(8%),体重低下的有1例(1.3%),肥胖的有10例(13.3%)。经统计学分析两组儿童伴有生长异常情况无统计学差异。两组儿童间在"鼻腔很多鼻涕"方面有显著性差异(P<0.05),其余临床特征方面两组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论肥胖与儿童打鼾相关,而PS和OSAHS对儿童的临床特征及生长发育的影响区别不大。

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of primary snoring （PS） and obstructive sleep apneahypopnea syndrome （OSAHS） on children growth and their clinical features. METHODS A total of 116 children were examined with polysomnography （PSG） and their height and weight were measured. Questionnaire was filled by their parents for clinical manifestation of the children. RESULTS Among the 116 children, 41 were diagnosed as PS and 75 were diagnosed as OSAHS. In PS group, 13 （31.7 %） children showed growth abnormality, included 2（4.8 %） growth stunting, 1 （2.4 %） underweight, 10 （24.4 %） obesity. In OSAHS group, 17 （22.7 %） children indicated growth abnormality, included 6 （8 %） growth stunting, 1 （1.3 %） underweight, 10 （13.3 %） obesity. Statistical analysis proved no significant difference in growth abnormality between PS and OSAHS children. The only significant difference between the two groups was more nasal discharge （P〉0.05）. CONCLUSION Obesity was an influential factor of snoring. The PS and OSAHS have the same effect on children growth and their clinical features.