同种异体下颌骨移植修复犬颞颌关节、下颌骨缺损的动物模型

Experimental Model for the Reconstruction of Canine's Temporomandibular Joint and Mandible with Allograft Mandible

目的:建立同种异体下颌骨移植修复下颌骨缺损的杂种犬动物模型,为研究同种异体下颌骨植入后的临床、病理特点创造条件。方法:18只杂种犬随机分成3组,分别接受自体骨、冷冻同种异体骨、冷冻干燥同种异体骨移植,修复的范围是包括髁突在内的下颌骨升支部分,术后定期进行X线检查并测量张口度,24周后处死动物并测量移植骨的高度。结果:所有动物均顺利存活,伤口愈合良好;术后16周时3组动物的张口度与手术前无显著差异;术后24周3组动物的升支高度均显著降低,自体组的升支高度显著高于冷冻干燥组。结论:犬同种异体冷冻/冻干下颌骨移植后可以达到临床愈合并发挥TMJ的功能。

Objective： To establish an experimental model for the reconstruction of canines TMJ with frozen and freeze - dried aUograft mandible and to determine the feasibility of reconstruction the segmental mandible defect including condyle with allograft mandibular bone. Methods： Eighteen dogs were randomly divided into three groups and received bone transplantation, respectively. They were group Ⅰ ： autogenous mandible; group Ⅱ ： frozen allograft mandible; and group Ⅲ： freeze - dried allograft mandible. The reconstructive scope was the back part of the ramus, including the condyle. After 24 weeks, the animals were killed, they were evaluated clinically, radiographically and histologically. Results： All the animals were thriving and no wound infection postoperatively. Sixteen weeks after the operation, there was no significant decrease of maximum mouth opening. The height of transplant bone decreased 6.80%, 14.65% and 24.09% respectively after twenty - four weeks postoperatively. Conclusion： The transplantation frozen and freeze - dried allograft mandible of canine achieved clinical healing successfully and had similar function of temporomandibular joint.