硝化细菌分子生态学研究进展

Progress in molecular ecology of nitrifying bacteria

硝化细菌在促进水域生态系统的氮循环、保持健康水产养殖环境方面发挥着巨大作用。本文分析了硝化细菌分子生态学研究的意义,介绍了硝化细菌的主要种类及其系统进化关系,综述了硝化细菌分子生态学研究进展,并对中国的研究现状进行了分析。结合作者的工作实践,认为中国应加强对水产养殖环境硝化细菌分子生态学研究,为养殖环境的污染防治和微生态制剂的研制等提供理论依据。

Nitrifying bacteria have the ability of oxidizing ammonium in eutrophic aquaculture environments to nitrite and nitrate, which are easily assimilated by plants or returned to the atmosphere via denitrification, thus nitrifying bacteria are recognized to play a central role in removing nitrogen compounds from the environment and in maintaining a sustainable aquacultural systems. We here introduced the main sepcies of nitrifying bacteria and their phylogenetie relationahip, reviewed the progress of molecular ecology of nitrifying bacteria studies and analysed the the current status in domestic study and application, and finally, gave a perspective into the future based on our understanding of the literature and our own work. [Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2007,14（5）：872- 879]