HYCOM模式对赤道及北太平洋海表温度的模拟

Simulation of Sea Surface Temperature of Equatorial and North Pacific Using a Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model

根据2种海气通量数据集(COADS、ECMWF)和2种海气通量块体参数化方案(常数块体参数化方案和非常数块体参数化方案)的不同结合,构成4组数值实验,使用HYCOM数值模式分别模拟了赤道及北太平洋的气候态海表温度。实验结果表明:(1)非常数块体参数化方案优于常数块体参数化方案;在太平洋40°N～20°S区域内,采用前者得到的年平均海表温度比Pathfinder卫星资料高约0.21℃,而采用后者得到的年平均海表温度比Path-finder卫星资料高约0.63℃。(2)HYCOM数值模式很好地模拟了赤道及北太平洋的气候态海表温度变化及西太平洋暖池空间分布的月变化。特别是实验2(采用COADS数据集和非常数块体参数化方案),在太平洋40°N～20°S区域内,冬、春两季平均SST仅比Pathfinder卫星数据集高0.02℃。(3)不同海气通量数据会对模拟结果产生明显影响。对比采用COADS数据集的实验2结果与采用ECMWF数据集的实验4结果可以发现,在模拟区域的西北部,实验2比实验4的年平均SST高约1℃;在模拟区域的东南部,实验4比实验2的年平均SST高约1℃。两者差的最大值出现在58°N、140°E附近及中国渤海,实验2比实验4的年平均SST高约4℃。

In this paper, a hybrid coordinate ocean model （HYCOM） is used to simulate the climatological sea surface temperature （SST） of the equatorial and North Pacific, and 4 numerical experiments are made by making combination of 2 datasets （COADS and ECMWF） and 2 bulk parameterization formulas （constant and non-constant formulas）. It is shown from the experimental results that （1） the experimetal results using non-constant parameterization formula are better than those using constant one, in the Pacific Ocean from 40^oN to 20^oS, the annual mean SST obtained from the experiment using non-constant formula is about 0.21 ℃ higher than the satellite-based climatological SST （Pathfinder data）, but the annual mean SST using constant one is about 0.63 ℃ higher than the satellite-based one. （2） HYCOM can successfully simulate the monthly variations in climatological SST of the equatorial and North Pacific and the monthly variations in spatial distribution of the western Pacific warm pool. Especially in the Pacific Ocean from 40^o N to 20^oS in winter and spring, the seasonal mean SST obtained from experiment 2 （using COADS dataset and non-constant parameterization formula） is only about 0.02 ℃ higher than that from Pathfinder data. （3） The use of different datasets will generate significant effect on simulated results, and it is shown from the comparison between the simulated results from experiment 2 （using COADS dataset） and experiment 4 （using ECMWF dataset） that in the northwestern simulated sea area, the annual mean SST obtained from experiment 2 is about 1 ℃ higher than that from experiment 4, but in the southeastern simulated sea area, the annual mean SST obtained from experiment 4 is about 1 ℃ higher than that from experiment 2. The maximum difference between the two occurs in the neighborhood of 58^oN and 140^oE and the Bohai Sea, the annual mean SST obtained from experiment 2 in above sea areas is about 4 ℃ higher than that from experiment 4.