用扩增片段的长度多态性分子标记探讨盾叶薯蓣的遗传多样性

Exploring Genetic Diversity in Dioscorea zingiberensis by Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Molecular Markers

用扩增片段的长度多态性(amplified fragment length polymorphism,AFLP)标记分析研究了中国5个盾叶薯蓣居群30个个体的遗传多样性。筛选出9对AFLP引物,从中检测到14698条清晰可见的条带,其中多态性带12628条,多态性比率85.92%。Shannon信息指数(I)为0.3656±0.1721,物种水平的Nei基因多样性(H)为0.2322±0.2200。遗传变异分析表明,物种水平的遗传分化系数Gst为0.4827,说明其群体间存在一定的遗传分化,居群间的基因流Nm为0.5358,居群间遗传交换较小。聚类分析结果显示5个居群盾叶薯蓣有较为丰富的遗传变异,且与地理分布有相关性。

Amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP） was used to study 30 individuals from 5 wild populations of Dioscorea zingiberensis （Table 1） for the first time. A total of 14 698 bands were detected with 9 pairs of AFLP primers and 12 686 of them were polymorphic （Tables 2, 3）. On the average each primer combination could be used to detect 230 polymorphic bands and account for 85.92% of total genetic diversity at species level （Fig.2）. Shannon＇s index of diversity （I）was 0.3656±0.1721, and Nei＇s gene diversity （H） was 0.2322±0.2200 at the species level. The result of genetic variance analysis showed the coefficient of genetic differentiation （Gst） was 0.4827 at species level, it indicated there were certain degree of genetic differentiation in five Dioscorea zingiberensis populations. The gene flow （Nm） among populations of D. zingiberensis was 0.5358. The datawere analyzed using unweighted pair group method, basing on arithmetic averages （UPGMA） bootstrap analysis. Cluster analyses were perfoaned by using NTSYSpc version 2.11F and Popgene 1.32 software （Figs.3, 4）. The results showed that the genetic differentiation of 5 wild populations of D. zingiberensis was abundant, and 5 wild populations of D. zingiberensis could be clustered by the distance of the position basically. The AFLP molecular marker was used to identify the genetic differences of different populations of Dioscorea zingiberensis.