《论语》中的“仁”与孔子仁学的内涵

The Concept of “Benevolence” in the Analects and the Connotation of the Doctrine of Confucian Benevolence

《论语》中的“仁”,是研究孔子仁学的基本素材。以往或不知今本《论语》多处“仁”字有误,或误解部分“仁”字之义,对孔子仁学内涵的归纳发生偏差。排除不正确的材料与误解,《论语》中的“仁”虽从词义上可分为四类,但其实质皆是“爱人”——关爱他人,孔子仁学的真正内涵,只有“爱人”一项,而没有其他。

＂Benevolence＂ in the Analects is the basis on which research of Confucian benevolence is conducted. In the related studies of the past, some scholars, failing to recognize the numerous misuses of ＂ren＂ （benevolence） or misunderstanding part of the multiple meanings of ＂ren＂, have made some wrong deductions of the doctrine of Confucian benevolence. The ＂benevolence＂ in the Analects, to the exclusion of incorrect resources and misunderstandings, falls lexically into four categories, but which in nature all mean ＂loving others＂, as testifies that the fundamental connotation of the doctrine of Confucian benevolence consists in ＂loving others＂ only.