中国夷夏观与美国软权力论的异同

Differences and Similarities Between Concept of Chinese Yixia and Theory of American Soft Power

中国夷夏观主要是指中原农耕文明对北方游牧民族所抱持的一种引而不发的防御性政策,而软权力理论认为美国的文化、价值观、意识形态等精神元素构成了美国的权力资源,赋予美国在相互依存的世界政治中很大的优势。中国夷夏观与美国软权力论在诸多方面有可比之处,如都根源于文化上的优越感,注重道德感化,承认军事效用的有限性;但二者在所反映的民族性上有差异,所处的时代大背景也迥然有别,精神主旨也大不相同。这种比较能够增进我们对软权力理论的消化吸收。

Concept of Chinese Yixia refers to the defense policy that farming civilization of the Central China to the nomadic nationalities in the Northern China, but the theory of the soft power refers to the advantages that the power resources constituted by the American culture, concept of value, ideology and other spiritual factors entrust the America with the more advantages in the mutual reliant world＇ s politics. Concept of Chinese Yixia and Theory of American soft power are comparable in many aspects, as the advantages originated in the culture, paying attention to the morale changes by persuasion and admitting the restriction of military effects. But there are still some differences about nations and contemporary backgrounds. And there are also some differences in spiritual ideology. The above-mentioned comparison can help us in knowing the theory of the soft power.