饲粮中添加叶酸对乐平母猪繁殖性能的影响

Effect of Dietary Folic Acid Supplementation on the Reproductive Performance of Leping Sows

本研究选用本地猪种乐平花猪以探讨饲粮中添加叶酸对繁殖母猪的作用效应。２７头经产母猪根据年龄、胎次与系祖来源随机分为３个处理组，即在妊娠和哺乳期基础日粮中分别添加叶酸０（作为对照）、２ｍｇ／ｋｇ和６ｍｇ／ｋｇ。结果表明：添加叶酸提高了总窝产仔数、窝产活仔数及４０日龄育成数（Ｐ＜０．１或Ｐ＜０．０５），尤其是添加叶酸６ｍｇ／ｋｇ组的总窝产仔数和窝产活仔数分别提高了１．８９头和１．３４头；３个处理组的仔猪平均初生体重没有明显差异（Ｐ＞０．２５），但是初生窝重及４０日龄断奶窝重随着补充叶酸的增加而明显地增加（Ｐ＜０．１或Ｐ＜０．０１）。虽然各处理组的母猪在繁殖周期各阶段的体重没有变化（Ｐ＞０．２５）。，但添加叶酸组母猪的孕期增重及哺乳期掉膘却趋向于增加，且母猪妊娠期的增重愈多，其哺乳期掉膘亦愈多。本研究结果证明，在母猪妊娠和哺乳期基础饲粮中添加适宜剂量的叶酸。

Leping Sows were utilized in our study to evaluate the effect of dietary additions of folic acid on reproducing swines. Twenty seven multiparous sows were randomly allotted to three treatments based on age, parity, and ancestry at weaning and kept under the assigned treatments continuously. Three levels of folic acid added to the basal gestating and lactating diets at 0 (control), 2, and 6 mg/kg were studied. The results showed that the number of pigs born and live pigs at birth and the age of 40 days increased (p<0.1 or p<0.05) with folic acid supplementation. An increase of 1.89 pigs born or 1.34 live pigs born per litter) was observed due to supplementation of 6 mg/kg folic acid to the diet of sows. Individual pigs were similar in body weight among the treatments (p>0.25), but litter weight increased (p<0.1 or p<0.01) at birth and at 40d's age by folic acid addition. There was no effect on sow body weight at any time point (p>0.25). However, gestation weight gain and lactation weight loss tended to increase for the sows fed with additional folic acid. The sows that gained more at gestation tended to lose more weight at lactation. These results demonstrated that the reproductive performance of Leping Sows was improved since the number of live pigs born increased after folic acid was supplemented to gestating or lactating diets.