土壤水分遥感监测的研究进展

Progress of Soil Moisture Monitoring by Remote Sensing

土壤水分是土壤的重要组成部分,在地—气界面间物质、能量交换中起着重要的作用,是农作物生长发育的基本条件和农作物产量预报的重要参数。遥感技术具有大面积同步观测,时效性、经济性强的特点,为大面积动态监测土壤水分提供了可能。简述了到目前为止出现的几种主要的土壤水分遥感监测方法,如热惯量法、作物缺水指数法、归一化植被指数法、植被指数距平法、植被供水指数法、植被状态指数法、温度状态指数法、温度植被干旱指数法、高光谱法、微波遥感法,并分析了各种方法的原理和特点,最后展望了土壤水分遥感监测方法的发展趋势。

Soil moisture is an important component of soil, and plays an important role in materials and energy exchanges between earth and atmosphere. It is also the basic parameter of crop growing and crop yield forecast. With the features of observing large area synchronously, timely, and economically, remote sensing technique makes dynamic soil water monitoring possible. This paper briefly summarizes the up-to-date progresses on the developed principle algorithms and methodologies for remote sensing of soil water content, including thermal inertia approach, crop water stress index method, normalized vegetation index scheme, ATNDVI, crop water deficit index method, vegetation condition index scheme, temperature condition index method, temperature/vegetation dryness index approach, hyper spectral remote sensing based algorithm, and microwave remote sensing orientated methodology. The features and feasibility of every discussed algorithm or approach are systematically analyzed, and the future possible prospect of the developing trend on soil moisture monitoring by remote sensing is reviewed.