对马克思劳动二重性理论的再认识

Re-consideration of the Marx's Theory of the Twoness of Labor

劳动价值论是经济学说史上的一个重要理论。首先把劳动引入经济学提出劳动创造价值的是资产阶级启蒙思想家和古典经济学家。然而,早期的古典经济学粗糙的劳动价值论在理论上并没科学地回答:其一,什么劳动创造价值;其二,劳动如何创造价值;其三,劳动在什么条件下创造价值。马克思从唯物史观关于社会形态具有二重性的观点出发,发现了劳动二重性理论,科学地回答了资产阶级古典政治经济学劳动价值理论无法解决的理论难题。

It is a very important theory of the value of labor in the history of economics. The initiatory thinkers of the property-owning class and classical economists brought the concept of labor into the economics, putting forward the idea that labor creates value. Based on the materialistic historical principle that there is twoness in the society, he discovered the theory of the twoness of labor, having answered all the questions which are unanswered by the theory of the value of labor in the classical political ecomomics.