光学神经成像研究进展

PROGRESS IN OPTICAL NEURON IMAGING

大脑功能的成像检测在认知神经科学领域具有极其重要的意义。现代光子学技术的发展为认知脑成像提供了新的研究手段,在神经系统信息处理机制研究中发挥重要作用。文章介绍了在神经元、神经元网络、特定脑皮层功能构筑以及系统与行为等不同层次开展神经系统信息处理机制研究的各种光学成像技术,包括多光子激发荧光显微成像、内源信号光学成像、激光散斑成像和近红外光学成像等,并评述了这些有特色的光学成像技术在多层次获取和分析神经信息中的研究进展。

The imaging and detection of brain function play a very important role in the field of cognitive neuroscience. The advancement in photonics enables novel techniques for cognitive brain imaging to explore the mechanism of neural information processing. This paper is a review of main optical imaging techniques in brain imaging that have been used to obtain neural information from single neuron, neuronal network, cortical functional architecture, and behavior levels, with the particular attention given to the applications of multi-photon fluorescence microscopy, optical intrinsic signal imaging, laser speckle imaging, and near infrared imaging.