试论埃及融入现代世界体系的过程及交往性特征

On the Process and Features of Intercourse of Egypt’s Affiliating the Modern World System

19世纪是埃及融入现代世界体系的历史时代。在此之前,作为"外部领域"的埃及为人类文明交往作出了重大贡献,是古代世界体系和伊斯兰世界体系的主要构建力量与重要组成部分;在"融入"现代世界体系的过程中,埃及被迫在经济和政治两方面进行"适应性交往";随着埃及成为现代世界体系的原料供应地和产品销售地,政治上受控于英国,埃及完成了其"最后被边缘化"的进程。从文明交往的角度透视,埃及融入现代世界体系体现了下列一些交往性特征:它是文明交往中挑战与应战的交锋;且是文明交往中现代与传统的交融;更是文明交往中危机和机遇的交织。

The 19th century is the historical time for Egypt to affiliate the modern world system, before which, as the 'outer world', Egypt had made great contributions to the intercourse of human civilizations, which was the major construction power and an important part of the ancient world system and Islamic world system. During the process, Egypt had to practise its economic and political 'intercourse of adjustability'. As becoming the raw material supplier and product market of the modern world system, politically controlled by the United Kingdom, Egypt met its'final marginalization'.The phases of Egypt’s affiliating the modern world system is charactered as the confrontation of challenges and meeting challenges, harmony of the modern and traditional and the interweaving of crises and opportunities.