肯尼迪政府对华和平演变政策及中国的反应——以人权外交为中心

Peaceful Evolution Policy of Kennedy Government to China and the Chinese Response: Centering on Human Rights Diplomacy

和平演变是美国对华政策的有机组成部分,其中肯尼迪政府时期是实施这种政策的重要阶段。文章从介绍肯尼迪对华和平演变思想入手,重点论述了他以大陆逃港者这一所谓"难民问题"为由对华采取人权外交,试图挑起中国内乱,和平演变中国。中国对此保持了高度警惕。正是由于肯尼迪政府依旧采取对华敌视态度,加之中美两国对人权的不同理解,肯尼迪尽管有改变前任僵硬对华政策的考虑,但两国紧张关系却未能明显缓解。

Peaceful evolution is an organic part of America's China Policy, and the Kennedy government was an important phase of carrying this policy. Starting with the introduction of Kennedy's peaceful evolution thoughts to China, this article focuses on his human rights diplomacy to China which originated from the refugee issue, i.e., the issue of mainlanders escaping to Hong Kong. Kennedy tried to kindle Chinese civil strife, thus achieving the goal of peaceful evolution of China. Chinese leaders and people maintained vigilance to America's peaceful evolution strategy. Just because of the Kennedy government's hostility, and the different understandings of human rights between China and America, the Sino-American relations could not be obviously improved although Kennedy had some thoughts on the change of hard-shelled policy to China of ex-president.