公务员侵权赔偿责任的域外考察及其启示

Foreign Investigation and Revelations on the Mechanism of Civil Servants' Compensatory Responsibility in Tort Violations

有侵权必有责任是行政法学中的重要法则之一,世界各国大多通过各种法律规范明确公务员的违法公务行为责任。其中,侵权赔偿责任是一个重要的内容。综观世界各国和地区,公务员的侵权赔偿责任受到普遍重视,并在各国的行政法体制中都占据有重要地位。文章通过对中国域外多个具有代表性的国家所实行的公务员的侵权赔偿责任制度进行考察,明确指出,公务员侵权赔偿责任的落实是实现公务员权责一致原则、迈向责任行政的一个重要步伐,是公务员人事管理的必然趋势。

'Responsibility should be subject to tort violations' is one of the basic principles in Administrative Law. Most countries in the world have a variety of laws and regulations to clear civil servants' torts responsibilities. In many countries and regions throughout the world, the mechanism of civil servants' compensatory responsibility in tort violations enjoys an integral and important status. This article studies the mechanism of civil servants' compensatory responsibility in tort violations in some representative countries and regions and points out that the fulfillment of civil servant's compensatory responsibility is an inevitable trend in civil servant personnel administration.