论夸美纽斯教育教学思想中的唯物主义倾向

On the Materialism in the Educational Idea of Comenius

捷克大教育家夸美纽斯在教育史上占有十分重要的地位。由于其深刻的思想根源和时代影响,夸美纽斯阐明了体现教育教学规律及学生身心发展规律的一系列论述,具体体现在三个方面:(1)重直观和感官知觉;(2)重视事实本身及实践的作用;(3)提出了符合教学的一系列原则。而这些又无不体现了夸氏教育教学思想中的唯物主义倾向,闪现出熠熠生辉的唯物主义智慧之光,比照今天的教育,它的意义仍不可忽视。这正是我们需要重新审视夸氏教育教学思想的主旨所在。

Czechish educationist Comenius played a very important role in the education history. Comenius clarified the principle of teaching and students＇ development because of profound idea resource and times influence, which showed in three aspects ： （ 1 ） paying attention to intuition and feeling; （2） paying attention to the fact itself and its function of practice; （3） putting forward a series of principles according with teaching. All these ideas reflect Comenius ＇ materalism and still have great influence today. This is the reason that we should survey his eduation thought again.