番茄品系红熟果实贮藏分级试验分析

The analysis of the preservative experiment on grading fruits of tomato breeding lines

本文采用3因子交叉试验设计对12个番茄育种品系红熟果实在2个环境因子（温度和冷害）4处理条件下贮藏21d的变质率进行剖析，结果表明：总体情况，最适温（t=11～13℃）贮藏在受到冷害和无冷害情况下的变质率均低于常温（t=17～25℃）下的两个处理的变质率。在不受冷害的情况下，在最适温贮藏条件下裂果率是变质的主要原因。而在常温条件下病果率是变质率的主要原因；在受到3d冷害后。对于最适温和常温贮藏，病果率均是主要的变质原因；小果型（Lycopersicumesculentumvat．cerasiforme，Lpimpinellifolium）品系的耐贮性总体上好于大果型（L.esculentum.var．vulgate）品系，2个空间诱变品系YH0-26，YH02-2和醋栗番茄种品系YH02—12（Lpimpinellifoliumc）耐贮性较好。

Of the red mature fruits of 12 tomato breeding lines,the analysis of multi -factor experiment from cress design including 3 factors was applied to study the components of the rates of deterioration investigated through 21 days preservation ,in condition of 4 treatment combinations of 2 environmental factors（ temperature and cold injury）. The results showed that whether suffering cold injury or not the rates of deterioration at the best preserving temporature 11 - 13℃ were lower than of those 2 treatments at the normal temporature（t = 17 -25℃ ）. Without cold injury, the rate of chapped fruits was the main factor of deterioration at 11 -13 ℃ , but at 17 -25℃ the main factor was the rate of sick fruits. After 3 days cold injuring, either at 11 - 13℃ or at 17 - 2.5℃the main factor was the rate of slck fruits. Generally, the preservative qualities of lines with small fruits （ including lines of Lycopersicum esculentum vat. cerasiforme and the line of L pimpineUifoliurn） were better than lines with big fruits（ lines ofL.. esculentum vat. vulgate）. The space mution lines（ YH02-6 and YH02-2） and YH02-12（ L pimpineUifolium） had better preservative qualities.