寒地不同肥料对大豆产量影响的研究

THE EFFECTS OF FERTILIZER ON SOYBEAN YIELD IN COLD AREA

在黑龙江省海伦市寒冷地区进行不同肥料对大豆产量影响的试验研究,其目的是为筛选适应寒冷地区绿色大豆生产的较佳肥料。结果如下:黑农科有机无机复混肥(简称黑农科肥)对大豆品种绥农14产量正向效应>三元素复合肥>惠满丰>有机肥>双绿肥>生物钾肥,其增产原因主要是开花期单株叶面积、根容量和根瘤数的增加,进而促进其生长发育导致增加了单株荚数和粒数;施用黑农科肥土壤有机质含量5.95%,略低于施有机肥(有机质含量6%),而其土壤容重与有机肥相同均为0.82 g/cm3。全氮为0.45%,全磷为0.16%,表明其有利于土壤结构和肥力的改善;在寒冷地区每公顷施375kg黑农科肥有利于绿色大豆生产。

To select the best fertilizer for green soybean production in cold area,Several fertili＇zers were screened in Hailun, Heilongjiang Province. Soybean Variety Suinong 14 was used in this study. The results were： The effects of fertilizer were HAAS fertilizer （an organic- inorganic complex fertilizer made by Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences） 〉N--P--K complex fertilizer〉 Huimanfeng fertilizer （an organic fertilizer made by Xingcheng Ltd. Co. ）〉 common organic fertilizer〉Shuanglu fertilizer （a trace mineral fertilizer made by Shuanglufei Ltd. Co. ）〉 biological potassium fertilizer. The benefits were mainly due to the increase of leaf area during flowering, the amount of root and root nodules, which promoted soybean growth and development and then resulted in more pods and seeds;the organic matter in the soil applied with HAAS fertilizer was 5. 95% ,a little lower than that with organic fertilizer （6%）. The soil density was 0. 82 g/ cm^3 , the same as the amount of organic matter. The total nitrogen was 0.45 %, and the total phosphorous was 0. 16%. All these data showed that the application of HAAS fertilizer improved the soil structure and fertility;the highest green soybean yield was achieved by application of 375kg HAAS fertilizer per hectare in cold area.