全景成像技术的现状和进展

A present and development of panoramic imaging technique

全景成像技术在机器人、计算机视觉和虚拟现实领域有着重要的应用。旋转拼接,鱼眼透镜和折反射透镜是实现全景成像技术的主要方法。其中旋转拼接和鱼眼透镜是符合人眼视觉的中心投影法原理,折反射全景成像则是属于环带成像,即柱面映射投影。分析了以上全景成像系统的优缺点,建立了折反射全景成像系统的数学模型。结果表明,折反射系统由于集成化和小型化的特点将会得到更为广泛的应用。

Panoramic imaging technique plays important roles in the applications of robots, computer vision and virtual reality. The stitching, fish-lens and catadioptric panoramic lens are the main ways of the implement of panoramic imaging technique. The stitching and fish-lens panoramic systems follow the way of the central convergence perspective with which human watches the world. The catadioptric panoramic systems follow the way of the flat cylinder perspective which is the cylinder mapping projection. The advantage and fault of all kinds of panoramic imaging systems are analyzed and the mathematic model of catadioptric panoramic systems is established. The result indicates that catadioptric panoramic systems will be applied more widely due to the features of integration and miniature.