山东省1964～2006年钩端螺旋体病流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis on leptospirosis from 1994 to 2006 in Shandong province

目的了解山东省1964～2006年钩端螺旋体病流行趋势,探讨钩体病流行规律。方法采取回顾性研究方法对山东省1964～2006年钩体病流行病学调查和监测点资料进行分析。结果1964～2006年钩体病共报告133 594例,死亡81例。除鲁北地区滨洲,其余16市均发生过钩体病,分布在89个县,占全省的66.92%（89/133）。发病时间为7,8,9月份,流行形式主要为雨水型,其次是洪水型,临床类型以流感伤寒型为主,主要流行菌群为波摩那群。带菌猪是山东钩体病的主要传染源,猪带菌率与雨水型、洪水型钩体病流行密切相关。结论20世纪80年代前钩体病在山东省流行较严重,年均发病率在13.50/10万,20世纪90年代后钩体病基本得到了控制,年均发病率在0.071/10万。

Objective To summarize the monitoring results and explore the epidemiological feature of leptospirosis from the past years experience. Methods The epidemiological research and monitoring data of leptospirosis in Shandong province were analyzed by retrospective study. Results 133 594 leptospirosis cases were reported from 1964 to 2006, in which there were 81 death cases. Cases occurred in all cities except Bingzhou of Shandong province, and 81counties, 66.92 % （89/133） of counties in Shandong, were involved. A concentration of cases occurred in July, August and September. The first epidemiological way was rain, and second was flood. In clinic it primarily manifested as typhoid, and the dominating serogroup was Pomona. The germ - carrying pig was the primary source of infection, and the pig germ - carry rate was closely correlated with leptospirosis. Conclusion The leptospirosis situation was serious before 1980s with the yearly incidence rate of 13.50/100000 while it was controlled after 1990s, the average incidence rate was 0. 071/100000 from 1990～2006.