骨髓间充质干细胞促进骨-肌腱结合部愈合的初步观察

Primary observation on bone mesenchymal stem cells accelerating bone-tendon junction healing

[目的]观察骨髓间充质干细胞对骨-肌腱结合部愈合的影响。[方法]采用骨髓穿刺、全骨髓培养法获取兔骨髓间充质干细胞。36只18周龄新西兰大白兔随机分为2组,实验组将骨髓间充质干细胞与Pluronic F-127载体材料结合后,植入兔髌骨部分切除模型,对照组只进行手术,不植入细胞。在术后6、12、18周进行X线片、大体和组织学观察评估。[结果]X线片显示术后6、12、18周实验组骨-肌腱结合部新生骨面积显著大于对照组(P<0.01)。大体观察可见实验组骨-腱结合部愈合较早。HE染色显示实验组术后6周有大量的纤维母细胞和类软骨细胞增生,并可见新骨形成;12周,髌腱与松质骨接触面软骨细胞移行带形成;18周,纤维软骨移行带排列更有序。Safranin0染色显示实验组术后6周,基质染色较深,部分骨-腱结合处可见相对浓染区;12周,基质染色范围明显减少,沿类软骨细胞走行分布;18周,类软骨细胞集中的区域染色较12周有所减退。组织学检查显示实验组术后6、12、18周骨-腱结合部组织愈合明显,较对照组迅速。[结论]骨髓间充质干细胞可以促进骨-肌腱结合部细胞增生,促进其早期愈合。

[ Objective ] To evaluate tho effects of Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells （BMSCs） on healing of bone-tendon junction in a patellar tendon complex. [ Method] The BMSCs of rabbits were harvested by bone marrow aspiration. Adherent cells were selected as BMSCs after the whole marrow was cultured. Standard partial patellectomy was conducted in 36 18-week-old rabbits divided into 2 groups. The experimental group was planted into by the composite of BMSCs and Pluronic F-127 while the control group was only operated without BMSCs planting into. The patellar-patellar tendon complexes were harvested at weeks 6,12,18 postoperatively for radiographic, gross and histological evaluations. [ Result ] Radiographic measurements showed significantly more newly formed bone at the patellar tendon-patellar healing junction in the experimental group compared with that of the con- trois at weeks 6,12,18 （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The gross observations showed the tissue healing in the experimental group was quicker than that of the controls. Histologically, HE-stained specimen showed in the experimental group considerable fibroblast and chondrocyte-like cellular proliferation, new bones formed at week 6 ;chondroeytes transitional zone was formed at trabecular bone-patellar tendon junction at week 12; array of fibrocartilage transitional zone was ordered at week 18. Safranin O-stained specimen showed in the experimental group matrix was stained red at newly formed bone to patellar tendon junction,partially thick at week 6; matrix stains reduced and distributed along chondrocyte-like cells at week 12 ,stains in the realm of chondrocyte-like cells concentration was reduced than before at week 18. Histological observations showed more improved tissue integration in the experimental group at weeks 6,12,18. [ Conclusion] BMSCs could accelerate early healing of bone-tendon junction.