建立生态补偿机制的财政政策研究

Fiscal Policy for Establishing a Mechanism for Ecological Compensation

生态补偿机制是为了控制环境破坏而建立的约束制度,包括生态补偿类型,生态补偿方式,生态补偿责任,生态补偿法规、制度、政策等。黑龙江省建立生态补偿机制面临着缺乏法律保障、排污费征收标准过低、环境违法处罚标准过低,企业将环境治理成本转嫁给政府等问题。根据黑龙江省的情况,建立生态补偿机制应遵循市场经济规律、完善相关财政政策和保障措施,惟如此,才能对落实科学发展观,构建环境友好型社会,实现人与自然和谐发展起到积极的推动作用。

A mechanism for ecological compensation include: type,method,liability,laws and regulations,system,and policy.The paper emphatically points out the problems faced by Heilongjiang province for establishing a mechanism of ecological compensation: the legal guarantee is poor,the standard for imposing fees on pollution discharge is low,the standard for the punishment of environmental violation of the law is also low,the enterprises shifts the cost for environmental treatment upon the government.The paper suggests that law of market economy should be followed,and correlative fiscal policies and supporting measures must be perfected,so that a sound ecological compensation mechanism is developed,which will promote the implementation of scientific outlook on development,establishment of environment-friendly society,as well as realization of the harmonious co-existence between man and nature.