超细镍粉的制备及添加剂分散作用研究

Study of preparation and additive dispersing effect of ultrafine nickel powder

以1,2-丙二醇和NiSO4.6H2O为原料采用液相还原法制备超细镍粉。探讨了反应温度、pH值、还原剂与NiSO4.6H2O的摩尔比及不同添加剂对镍粉粒度、形貌及分散性的影响。利用SEM、XRD、激光粒度分析仪对镍粉进行了表征。结果表明:添加剂非离子型表面活性剂聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单油酸酯(吐温80)能有效地阻止镍粉颗粒团聚和长大,并能对镍粉进行分散,其在制备过程中的作用优于离子型表面活性剂;在反应温度为184℃左右、pH值为10、1,2-丙二醇与NiSO4.6H2O的摩尔比为1∶0.02、以聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单油酸酯为添加剂时制得的镍粉为球形,以面心立方晶体为主,镍粉粒度分布较窄,平均粒径小于90nm。

Ultrafine nickel powder was fabricated with reducing agent： 1,2- propylene glycol and NiSO4·6H2O by aqueous reducing method. The effects of reaction temperature, pH values, the mole ratio of 1,2 - propylene glycol and NiSO4·6H2O and different additive on the particle size, morphology and dispersiveness of nickel powder were investigated.Ni powder was characterized by using the X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, laser diffraction particle size analyzer. The results indicate that the nonion surfactant not only could effectively prevent nickel powder from growing up and reuniting, but also could disperse nickel powder. Its function is better than ion surfactant in the preparation. The nickel powder prepared with 1,2 - propylene glycol and NiSO4· 6H2O as reducing agent, at reaction temperature of 184℃, pH value of 10, the mole ratio of NiSO4·6H2O and 1,2 - propylene glycol of 0.02, and using Tween 80 as additive, has spherical shape, narrow particle size distribution face centered cubic structure and the average particle size of 90nm.