迷迭香抗氧化剂和精油综合提取技术研究(Ⅰ)——两步提取法

Study on Comprehensive Extraction of Antioxidant and Essential Oil from Rosemary(Ⅰ)——Two-step Extraction

极性溶剂和非极性溶剂的两步提取法是迷迭香抗氧化剂和精油综合提取的有效方法，操作简单，容易实施。迷迭香抗氧化剂和精油两步综合提取的合理条件为：粉碎的迷迭香叶子，极性溶剂95％乙醇，90℃提取3—4h，提取物再经非极性溶剂60—90℃石油醚提取。迷迭香精油的提取得率为1．50％，其成分分析显示为西班牙型；迷迭香抗氧化剂的提取得率为16．08％，活性炭脱色精制得率为85．00％，迷迭香抗氧化剂主要含有鼠尾草酸、鼠尾草酚和迷迭香酸等活性成分，它们的平均含量分别为17．78％、6．23％和3．37％。

Two-step extraction with polar solvents and nonpolar solvents was an effective comprehensive extraction for antioxidant and essential oil of rosemary （Rosmarinus officinalis L. ）. The method was simple on operation and was easily put into practice. The reasonable conditions of comprehensive extraction for antioxidant and essential oil of rosemary were as follows： broken rose- mary leaves, 95 % ethanol as polar solvent, 3-4 h of extraction at 90 ℃, and petroleum ether with the boiling range of 60-90 ℃ as nonpolar solvent. The yield of rosemary oil was 1.50 %. Constituent analysis of rosemary oil showed that the essential oil belongs to that of Spanish type. The yield of rosemary antioxidant was 16.08 %. The yield of rosemary antioxidant after decolori- zation by activated carbon was 85.00 %. Main active components of rosemary antioxidant were carnosic acid, carnosol, and rosmarinic acid, whose average contents were 17.78 %, 6.23 % and 3.37 %, respectively.