上纵隔区域的薄层横断层解剖学研究

Sectional anatomic structure of superior mediastinum of first Chinese visible female human

目的为临床上纵隔疾病的影像学诊断及外科手术方案选择提供解剖学资料。方法采用中国首例女性数字化可视人体数据集中有关上纵隔部位的连续图像,上下追踪,逐层观察其二维形态结构在连续图像上的变化,找出其重要结构在不同层面上的位置关系,并选用关键断层与相应的CT或MRI图作比较并在断层平面上进行必要的数据测量。结果各断层图像上能清晰显示主动脉弓及分支、肺动脉干及分支、上腔静脉及属支、气管和支气管、食管、胸导管、淋巴结等结构及其相互毗邻关系。结论数字化可视人体数据集可以较好地提供完整而精确的上纵隔结构解剖学断面数据,该区域的薄层断面解剖学研究可为上纵隔疾病的影像学诊断和外科手术治疗方案的选择提供形态学依据。

Objective To provide morphological data for image diagnosis and mediastinal surgery planning. Methods Cross-sectional images of fresh tissues from the first Chinese visible female human data-set were reviewed and the main structures of the superior mediastinum were confirmed on a section-by-section basis. The positional rule of the main structures in various plane of superior mediastinum was found out, and a few key sectional images were selected and compared with the relative images of CT or MRI, and the relative data on the cross-sectional images were collected. Results The cross-sectional images of the first Chinese visible female human fairly displayed the aortic arch and its 3 large branches, superior vena cava, left and right brachiocephalic veins, azygos vein, pulmonary trunk, trachea, esophagus, thoracic duct and so on, as well as their relationship clearly. Conclusion The first Chinese visible female human dataset can almost provide complete and accurate data.