侧式站台和岛式站台活塞风特性分析比较

Comparison of Piston Wind Simulating Analysis between Different Platforms

为了研究活塞风对站台气流分布的影响及其动态特性,本文在对国内外地铁发展和研究进行简要回顾的基础上,对哈尔滨拟建地铁岛式站台和侧式站台进行了二维数值模拟分析。结果表明岛式站台形式下活塞风效应远远大于侧式站台形式的活塞风效应,因此保证岛式站台的卫生状况和设计合理的气流形式是其关键问题之一。而侧式站台形式下引起的活塞风自平衡速度较快,一般在列车停靠时段基本可以达到平衡。另外,岛式站台形式虽然设有迂回风道用来减小活塞风对站台的影响,但是通过迂回风道分流的气流仍有一部分进入站台,对站台的卫生状况和气流形式产生影响。同时,无论是岛式站台还是侧式站台,乘客出入口都将是活塞风泻流和列车离站时段气流补充的主要地方。

In order to study the impact of piston wind on platforms in subway as well as the dynamic performance of the piston wind, this paper presents the comparison of piston wind two-dimension simulation analysis between two different platforms being built in Harbin based on the brief review of development and study of subway in China and other foreign countries. The results show that the piston wind has a more significant impact on airflow distribution when two railways lie on the side of the platform than that on airflow distribution when two railways lie on the center together. Therefore assurance of sanitation and reasonable design of airflow is one of the crucial points in the former platform. However, the piston wind balance quickly when the two railways lie in the middle of the platform and the piston wind effect can almost be eliminated within the train stopping period. In addition, though the island platform have a bypass tube to distribute some airflow, part of the airflow passing through the bypass tube still possibly enter the platform and affect the sanitation and airflow pattern of the platform. And whatever the platform is, the customer entrances are the main place for piston wind going out of the platform and supplement the airflow to the platform when the train leaves.