福清湾围填海规划方案的费用效益分析

Cost-benefit Analysis of Sea Reclamation Planning Projects in Fuqing Bay

基于环境经济学的理论和方法,建立了效益和费用的评估模型,对福清湾3个围填海规划方案进行费用效益分析,获得如下结果:在8%贴现率下,方案1、2、3的费用效益比值分别为1.30、0.478、0.502,在4.5%贴现率下,分别为1.170、0.414、0.436,从环境经济学的角度看方案2和方案3是不可行的.结果还显示,围填海所带来的外部费用即生态环境损失相当显著,是填海工程成本的3至15倍.显然,审慎科学地进行围填海的规划与决策十分重要.

Cost-Benefit Analysis is one of the most important methods in environmental economics. Based on the theories and methodology of environmental economics,the models have been developed to estimate the costs and benefits of sea reclamation planning projects in Fuqing Bay. The results show that the benefit-cost ratios of project 1 to 3 using 8% discount rate are 1.30,0. 478 and 0. 502, respectively; those for 4.5 % discount rate are 1.17,0. 414 and 0. 436, respectively, suggesting that project 2 and 3 are unreasonable. The results also reveal that the ecological environment costs are about 3 to 15 times more than the project construction costs, which are remarkable. Therefore, sea reclamation planning and decision-making should be cautious.