GIS中面状要素矢量栅格化的面积误差分析

Area Error Analysis of Vector to Raster Conversion of Areal Feature in GIS

在探讨矢量栅格化的几种形式和产生误差原因的基础上,系统分析在面状要素矢量栅格化的误差分析方法研究方面所取得的进展,指出当前分析方法存在的主要问题,并提出利用结构性栅格数据进行面状要素矢量栅格化的误差分析方法,然后以土地利用数据的栅格化为例进行实证研究。研究表明,常规分析方法很大程度上低估了栅格化的误差,因为没有充分考虑栅格化误差存在空间上的"此消彼长"现象。建议采用结构性栅格数据来改善栅格化误差分析,对误差作基于格网的量化计算,并标记在单元格上。它能有效地区分"此消"与"彼长"导致的误差,使面状要素栅格化的误差分析更加全面、客观、准确,且容易进行误差的量化分析与表示。

The process of vector to raster conversion has information losses to a certain extent, and generates the error problems. The thesis discussed a few types of vector to raster conversion and some reasons of the errors, and systematically analyzed the progress that the error analysis methods have progressed in vector to raster conversion of areal feature, meanwhile analyzed the current existent key problems. The thesis put forward a new error analysis method, which made use of proportion component method to create structure raster data and carried on error analysis in vector to raster conversion of areal feature based structure raster data. Finally, the thesis took the vector to raster conversion of laud-use data as an example carried on the verification research. The result discovered that the normal analysis method underrated the error of vector to raster conversion, because none full considered ＂this reduce, simultaneity that increment＂ problem that errors were not distributed equably on space in the vector to raster conversion. The thesis suggested that we might adopt structure raster data to improve the error analysis in vector to raster con- version. The method can distinguish errors from the cause of ＂this reduce＂ and the cause of ＂that increment＂, and the error analysis is more overall, objective and accurate. In the meanwhile, we easily make visualization and create error map on the results of error analysis.