6种根茎禾草种子发育过程中内源激素变化规律的研究

Study on the Dynamics of Endogenous Hormones at Seed Development of Six Grasses

对6种根茎禾草种子发育过程中4种内源激素的研究表明，不同植物激素在种子发育过程中存在发生时间、含量的差异，在不同植物种间其变化规律也有不同。4种植物激素峰值发生具有明显的时间顺序性和种间一致性的特点，赤霉素和脱落酸出现最早（8～14d），其次是生长素（11～23d），最后是细胞分裂素（11～33d）；种间存在含量差异，但变化规律基本一致。4种植物激素含量具有明显的激素间和种间差异，以峰值含量比较，3种促进激素中赤霉素含量最低（15～35ng／g）（鲜重），其次是生长素（35-91ng／g）（鲜重），最高是细胞分裂素ZR（104～129ng／g）（鲜重）；抑制激素脱落酸峰值含量（43～113ng／g）（鲜重）的变化范围最大。激素含量在6种根茎禾草中存在明显的种间差异，无论是抑制激素还促进激素，均表现为长根茎禾草显著高于短根茎禾草。6种根茎禾草种子发育过程中，4种内源激素含量的变化趋势基本一致，都是从高到低的趋势，即发育早期激素含量较高于后期，但是激素含量存在明显种间差异；3种促进激素变化呈双峰曲线；抑制激素ABA变化呈波浪式降低曲线，峰值不明显。抑制激素／促进激素的变化规律呈从低到高的趋势；即发育后期抑制激素含量高于促进激素。

4 kinds of endogenous hormones were compared in the seed development of the six species of rhizomatous grasses. The results showed that there were significantly differences in endogenous hormones of appearing time and contents in seed development and in species. The peak value of 4 kinds endogenous hormones contents has distinct order in appearing time and has the same law in different grasses. The peak of GA and ABA appeared firstly in 8 -14 d ,the second was IAA （11 -23 d）, the last was ZR（ 11 -33 d）, The content is different but change law is same in species. The peak value of 4 kinds endogenous hormones contents were different in endogenous hormones and species, the peak value of GA content is the lowest（ 15 -35 ng/g） （FW）, then was IAA （ 35 - 91 ng/g） （FW）, the highest was ZR （ 104 - 129 ng/g） （FW）, The peak value of ABA content varied with a great scope in 43 - 113 ng/g（FW）. The content of hormones in 6 rhizomatous grasses had significantly difference, and the species with long rhizome were significantly higher than the ones with short rhizome. The change of hormones has the same model in development of the seeds of 6 rhizomatous grasses, which is that the content decreased with the development, and the content of later period were lower than the former ones. The change model of positive hormone is a curve with two peaks, but the passive ones with more peaks. The hormone ratio of positive to passive was also a same change model, increasing with development, and the later content was higher than the former.