西藏灵菇奶一般毒性和生殖毒性的初步探索

Experiments on the common and reproduction toxicities of the Tibet Kefir

西藏灵菇奶由共生菌类群体西藏灵菇对鲜奶发酵制成。通过小鼠灌胃确定急性毒性半数致死量(LD50),亚急性毒性,PCEMNR、精子畸形率等试验进行了西藏灵菇奶的毒性研究。结果表明,小鼠灌胃给药的LD50大于50 000 mg/kg,属于微毒。亚急性毒性灌胃剂量在5 000,20 000和40 000 mg/kg连续灌胃给药30 d,小鼠活动和体重生长正常,各主要器官的形状、大小、颜色等与阴性组对照无明显差异。在5 000 mg/kg和20 000 mg/kg剂量连续灌胃30 d,试验组小鼠的PCE MNR分别为(2.2±1.01)‰和(2.4±0.92)‰,与阴性对照和空白对照之间没有显著性差异;40 000 mg/kg组的PCE MNR为(2.5±1.12)‰,与阴性对照有显著的差异(P<0.05)。高、中、低剂量组小鼠的精子畸形率分别为(2.00±0.51)%,(2.04±0.49)%和(2.13±0.52)%,与阴性对照组无显著性差异。表明西藏灵菇奶在一般情况下没有显示毒性,但在较大摄入量时可表现出一定的遗传毒性。

The purpose to this study was to experiment the Tibet kefir. Therefore using the acute toxicity, cumulative toxicity, mice polychromatic erythrocyte micronucleus rate （PCE MNR） and sperm abnormal rate of the genetic toxicity as markers, we tested the toxicity of the Tibet kefir milk. The results showed that the half lethal dose （LD50） of mouse by stomach dosing exceeds 50 000mg/kg, which falls in the minimum toxicity according to the national classification. After being stomach dosed 30 days, the mouse has no differences to normal mouse in weight, acting, and heart, liver, stomach etc. internal organs. Consecutively stomach dosing at dosage 5000mg/kg, 20000mg/kg, 40000mg/kg for 30 days show the PCE micronucleus rates were 2.2±1.01‰, 2.4±0.92‰, 2.5±1.12‰ respectively. The sperm abnormal rates were 2.00± 0.51%, 2.04±0.49 % and 2.13±0.52%. It indicates that under the experimental cond/tions the Tibet kefir milk has no cumulative toxicity. High dosage can increase the PCE MNR （P〈0.05）.