水牛乳蛋白质的组成

Protein composition of buffalo milk

分析了摩拉水牛(M)、尼里-拉菲水牛(N)、一代杂交水牛(F1)、二代杂交水牛(F2)和高代杂交水牛(Fh)5个品代水牛的乳蛋白主要组分的相对百分比含量,同时分析了总氨基酸组成及钙、磷含量。结果表明,水牛乳蛋白的主要组分有:α-乳清蛋白(α-LA)、β-乳球蛋白(β-LG)、免疫球蛋白轻链(IgG-L)和重链(IgG-H)、αs1-酪蛋白(αs1-CN)、αs2-酪蛋白(αs2-CN)、β-酪蛋白(β-CN)、κ-酪蛋白(κ-CN)、血清白蛋白(SA)和乳铁蛋白(LF)等;CN在水牛乳蛋白中占优势,与荷斯坦牛乳相比,水牛乳中CN的质量分数稍低,而且各品代水牛乳中的CN有显著性差异(P<0.05);乳清蛋白中β-LG含量最高;杂交水牛乳蛋白高于纯种摩拉水牛和尼里-拉菲水牛,差异显著(P<0.05);各品代水牛乳的氨基酸比例比较接近;不同品代水牛乳中钙、磷含量没有显著性差异。

In this paper, the relative percentage of main composition of milk protein from Murrah buffalo （M）, Nili/Ravi buffalo （N）,first filial generation buffalo（F1 ）,second filial generation buffalo （F2）,high filial generation buffalo（Fh） were researched. At the same time, the composition of amino acids, calcium and phosphorus were analyzed. As a result, milk protein of buffalo consists of α-lactoalbumin （α-LA）, β-lac- toglobulin（β-LG）,immunoglobulin light chain（IgG-L）,immunoglobulin heavy chain （IgG-H）, casein （CN）, serum albumin （SA） and lactoferrin （LF）. CN dominates in milk protein from different buffalo breeds and crossbred progenies. Compared with Holstein milk, the content of CN was lower. The difference of the content of CN from different buffalo breeds and crossbred progenies was significant. The content of β- LG is highest in whey protein. The inverse proportion of amino acids was adjacent in buffalo milk from different buffalo breeds and crossbred progenies. Content of milk protein from M, N and hybrid buffalo is significantly higher than in Holstein. Content of milk protein from hybrid buffalo exceed purebred M and N buffalo. The content of calcium and phosphorus of milk from different buffalo breeds and crossbred progenies has no significantly difference.