旅游文化及其主流研究反思——基于旅游文化概念的分析

THE REFLECTION ABOUT TOURISM CULTURE AND IT′S PRIMARY RESEARCH——An Analysis Based on the Concept of Tourism Culture

旅游文化研究呈现出趋冷状态,旅游文化学的学科化与科学化也渐行渐远。因此,有必要对目前旅游文化基础理论研究成果进行一番理性的反思,而旅游文化的概念研究无疑是旅游文化研究的出发点。旅游文化是一个不断发展的动态概念,在不同的时空条件下具有不同的内涵。中国旅游文化研究存在泛化的危险,基于旅游主体、旅游客体和旅游介体的三体碰撞说是旅游文化泛化说的典型代表。实际上,旅游文化是广泛存在于旅游活动中的,由专业人员挖掘或设计出来,满足旅游者特定需要的物质文化与精神文化产品。从这个角度认识旅游文化的概念,才能使旅游文化研究切合中国旅游业的实践,从而具有特定的研究对象和实在的研究体系。

Tourism culture is the soul of tourism; no tourism, no tourism. Nowadays the research of Chinese tourism culture tends to become cold. What is more, the scientism and systematism of tourism culture run in the opposite direction. It is necessary to deeply reflect the a chievemeats of the present tourism culture theories, undoubtledly the research on the concept of tourism culture would be the basis of tourism study. Tourism culture is a dynamic concept potential, and it has different connotations in different conditions. Now, there exists in china the of generalization in the research of tourism culture. The typical representative of the generalization of tourism culture is the confliction of tourism subjectivity,tourism objectivity and tourism media. The above-mentioned three factors belong to the cultural property of tourism, not to the property of tourism culture. In fact, tourism culture is a product contrived by the professionals in tourism to meet the special needs of tourists both physically and psycholog＇cally, and tourism culture widely exists in the tourist activities. Tourism culture is an objective entity, a culture which has been processed repeatedly, and culture which people select or empolder from ample culture phenomena. People apply tourism culture in different dimensions. At the same time, tourism culture is the product designed to meet the needs of tourists it has profound characters of economy and culture introduction,and it consists of physical and psychological culture. If tourism culture is regarded as a product which is designed elaborately, who could confirm the objective character of the aim tourism culture study study and reform the research on tourism culture fundamentally. By understanding the concept of tourism culture, tourism culture study will better suit the practice of Chinese tourism, thus has unique object of study and concrete research system.