覆盖免耕的节水效应与土壤温度的变化

Effects of no-tillage with straw mulch on water saving and soil temperature

通过对覆盖免耕、秸秆还田和常规耕作的研究表明:覆盖免耕从作物播种开始到收获的时段内较秸秆还田和常规耕作可以分别节水352.2 m3/hm2、441.4 m3/hm2.对豌豆生长期内土壤表层、5、10、152、0 cm和25 cm观测表明:早上8∶00温度较低时覆盖免耕可以提高土壤表层的温度;在温度较高的下午14∶00,覆盖免耕可以减缓土壤温度升高过快;在温度降低的晚上20∶00,覆盖免耕可以减缓土壤温度的降低.因此,覆盖免耕可使土壤的温度保持在一个相对稳定的状态下,创造良好的农田小气候,有利于作物的生长.

Effectiveness of water saving was studied under no-tillage with straw mulch（NTS）,conven tional tillage with straw incorporated（CTS） and conventional tillage on bare ground（CTB）. The results showed that NTS saved 352.2 m^3/hm^2 ,441.4 m^3/hm^2of water respectively than CTS and CTB from planting to harvest. The soil temperature in 0~25 cm depth was monitored during growing period of pea. The results showed that NTS increased soil temperature in the morning when air temperature was low,but reduced the rate of temperature increment in the afternoon when temperature was higher, and also reduced the rate of temperature decrement in the evening. Thereby no-tillage with straw mulch could keep the stability of soil temperature,and is beneficial for the crop growth.