不同供氮水平对西瓜产量和品质的影响

Effect of Different Nitrogen Supply Levels on Yield and Quality of Watermelon

以京欣1号为材料,采用随机区组设计,以尿素为肥源,设计5个不同氮水平,探讨不同供氮水平对西瓜产量和品质的影响,结果表明:在氮适量的土壤上增施氮肥,能增加单株西瓜个数和单瓜质量,提高产量,对提高单个西瓜质量更为突出。在一定的范围内,西瓜产量随着氮肥用量的上升而增加,但当每公顷纯氮用量达到360 kg以后,西瓜产量开始呈下降趋势,继续增加用量,产量急剧下降;在纯氮用量0～240 kg/hm2时,对可溶性糖含量影响很小,而继续增加氮用量,即当纯氮用量为360～480 kg/hm2时,可溶性糖含量明显上升;施用氮肥不同程度提高了西瓜维生素C含量;在纯氮用量0～240 kg/hm2时,硝酸盐的含量逐渐增加,之后却有下降趋势。综合产量和品质,在本试验条件下,N4处理即纯氮用量360 kg/hm2为较合适的用量。

In order to seek a rational amount of nitrogen on local varieties of watermelon and to reduee eosts and inerease ineome for loeal farmers , the field experiment was eondueted to study the effeet of different supply amount of nitrogen on yield and quality of watermelon. The results showed that nitrogen can increase the number and mass of watermelon,and raise yield of watermelon; effeet of nitrogen is better on increasing weight of watermelons, for the yield, with the increased amount of nitrogen, watermelon production added, but to a certain volume, a low trend started. When the amount of N is 360～480 kg/hm^2, soluble sugar eontent inereased markedly, but less than 360 kg/hm^2,eompared with the eontrol, soluble sugar content have no differences; nitrogen also can enhance the vitamin C content of watermelon; when the amount of N is 0～240 kg/hm^2 ,nitrate eontent was inereased gradually, and lowered while continue to increase the amount of nitrogen fertilizer. With the combination of yields and quality of the two faetors in the experimental eonditions,N 360 kg/hm^2 is more suitable to add yield and improve quality.