砂地柏中6种鬼臼毒素类化合物的分离鉴定及其杀虫活性研究

Study on 6 insecticidal podophyllotoxin compounds from the berries of Sabina vulgaris Ant.

为了从砂地柏(Sabina vulgaris Ant)果实中获得新的具有杀虫活性的鬼臼毒素类化合物。采用活性示踪法,从砂地柏中分离并鉴定出6种此类化合物:鬼臼毒素、脱氧鬼臼毒素、苦鬼臼毒素、乙酰苦鬼臼毒素、乙酰表鬼臼毒素和脱氧苦鬼臼毒素。分别采用小叶碟添加法和浸叶法测定了6种化合物对3龄粘虫Mythimna separata Walker幼虫的拒食活性以及对4龄菜青虫Pieris rapae Linnaeus幼虫和3龄小菜蛾Plutella xylostellaLinnaeus幼虫的毒杀活性。结果表明,这6种化合物对3种试虫均有一定的拒食或毒杀活性,其中鬼臼毒素和脱氧鬼臼毒素的杀虫活性相对较高,乙酰苦鬼臼毒素的杀虫活性相对较低。而且苦鬼臼毒素、乙酰苦鬼臼毒素、乙酰表鬼臼毒素和脱氧苦鬼臼毒素是首次报道的鬼臼毒素类杀虫活性成分。

In order to isolate other insecticidal podophyllotoxin compounds from the berries of Sabina vulgaris Ant. , six podophyllotoxin compounds were isolated by tracing with insecticidal activity. They were identified as acetyl picropodophyllotoxin, deoxypicropodophyllotoxin, acetyl epipodophyllotoxin, podo- phyllotoxin,deoxypodophyllotoxin and picropodophyllotoxin. The antifeeding activities against the 3rd-instar larve of Mythimna separate W. and the toxic activities against the 4th-instar larvae of Pieris rapae L. and the 3rd-instar larve of Plutella xylostella L. were tested by leaf-disk method and leaf-dipping method, respectively. The bioassay results indicated that all these compounds showed highly antifeeding and toxic activities against the 3 tested insects. Podophyllotoxin and deoxypodophyllotoxin were the two with the highest insecticidal activities among the six, while picropodophyllotoxin was the lowest. Besides, acetyl picropodophyllotoxin, deoxypicropodophyllotoxin, acetyl epipodophyllotoxin and picropodophyllotoxin were insecticidal compounds firstly reported from S. vulgaris.