昆虫抗药性分子机制研究的新进展

Progress in molecular mechanisms of insect resistance to insecticides

昆虫抗性机制的研究对于抗性监测、治理及新农药的研制具有重要意义。在过去几十年中,人们对与昆虫杀虫剂抗性有关的昆虫行为、生理代谢活动以及作用靶标等进行了广泛的研究。已经证实,昆虫的抗药性与行为改变、生理功能改变、解毒功能增强以及靶标不敏感性有关。近年来,随着分子生物学以及昆虫基因组学的发展,昆虫抗药性的分子机理有了突破性进展,已发现并克隆了一些靶标基因,与抗药性相关的基因突变也得到广泛验证。本文综述了昆虫的抗药性机理在分子生物学上的研究最新进展,重点阐述了与昆虫抗性相关基因的扩增、表达及基因结构的改变等相关内容。

Researching on mechanisms of insect resistance is very importance to develop effective strategies for detecting, monitoring insect resistance and new pesticide research. In the past years, a great deal of study on insect＇s insecticide resistance - related mechanisms, such as behavior, physiological function, metabolism and target -site, was reported. Its has been proven correct that mechanisms of insect resistance were conferred by changed behavior, modified physiological function, enhanced detoxification and reduced target sensitivity. Recently, with the development of the molecular biology and insect genomes, the molecular mechanism of insect resistance has been elucidated to a great degree. Some target genes have been identified and cloned in many insects. Some insecticide resistance related mutations have been examined in some insects. This paper reviewed the progress in molecular mechanisms of insect resistance to insecticides. The changes in genes related to insecticide resistance include amplification, over expression and structure change were introduced in detail.