2004-2006年广东省突发公共卫生相关事件监测信息与防控对策分析

An epidemiological analysis of emergent public health events and control strategies in Guangdong province,2004-2006

目的了解广东省突发公共卫生事件相关信息的流行病学特征,为预防控制和及时处理突发公共卫生事件提供科学依据。方法采用统一的突发公共卫生事件相关信息回顾性调查表,由各地市级疾病预防控制中心填写2004-2006年市级疾病预防控制中心接报的突发公共卫生相关事件的监测资料,应用描述性流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果2004-2006年广东省共报告823起突发公共卫生相关事件,发病33 012例,死亡151例,波及人数2 926 862人,其中传染病相关事件442起(占事件总数53.71%),发病23 216例,死亡19例,且以呼吸道传染病为主;食物中毒事件337起(占事件总数40.95%),发病8 474例,死亡80例,以细菌性食物中毒为主。所报告事件频发地区主要集中在珠江三角洲,共报告605起,占事件总数73.51%。传染病相关事件主要发生在3-6月份,共283起,占事件总数34.39%,其中3月份最多,报告126起;食物中毒事件主要发生在6、7、9、10和12月份,共201起,占事件总数24.42%。波及人群以学生为主的事件共383起(占事件总数46.54%),发病20 699例,死亡6例,是突发公共卫生事件的主要发病人群,且波及该人群以传染病相关事件为主;其次波及人群以工人和民工为主的事件189起(占事件总数22.96%),发病5 286例,死亡45例,波及该人群以食物中毒事件为主。结论广东省突发公共卫生事件具有复杂性和多样性的特点,应加强重点人群如学生、工人和民工的传染病及食物中毒的预防及控制。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of emergent public health events and provide a scientific prevention and control strategy. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was applied to analyze reported emergent public health events surveillance data recorded on uniform sheet from all prefecture CDC. Results A total of 823 emergency related events were reported from 2004 to 2006 in Guangdong Province, which caused 33 012 diseases and 151 deaths. Among these events, infectious diseases were 442 （53.71%） , led to 23 216 diseases and 19 deaths, mainly of respiratory disease. Food poisoning were 337 （40. 95% ） , led to 8 474 diseases and 80 deaths, mostly due to bacteria infection. They were concentrated in the Pearl River Delta regions （ 73.51% ）. Infectious diseases events occurred frequently between March and June （ 34. 39% ） with March the most （ 126 ）. While food poisoning was common during 6,7,9,10 and 12 month with a total of 201 （24. 42% ）. 383 events （46.54%） affected students which reported 20 699 diseases and 6 deaths and became main targets of infectious disease as well as emergent public health events. Workers and peasant workers had 189 events （22. 96% ）and 5 286 disease and 45 deaths with food poisoning most frequent. Conclusion The emergent public health events showed complexity and diversity in Guangdong province and more attention should paid to special control measures regarding students and workers.