无条件安全的量子茫然传送

Unconditionally Secure Quantum Oblivious Transfer

茫然传送作为安全多方计算的基础协议具有重要的理论研究和实用价值.目前已有的经典环境中的各茫然传送协议大都基于公钥密码学或一些附加的计算困难性假设,而这些基础在量子计算机制下将变得相当脆弱.本文根据量子贝尔态的特性,提出了一种新的量子茫然传送协议,对其正确性与安全性进行了分析与证明.该协议可同时抵抗通信信道中噪声和可能存在的窃听,在安全性、健壮性、窃听检测等方面均优于经典计算环境下的各种茫然传送协议.

As a basic protocol of Secure Multi-party Computation, Oblivious Transfer （OT） is of significant research and application value.Most of previous oblivious transfer protocols in classical environment rely either on public-key cryptography or on additional computational assumptions which will be very vulnerable under quantum mechanics. Based on the characteristics of Bell States, a new quantum oblivious transfer protocol is proposed in this paper. The correctness and security of the protocol are analyzed and proved. The protocol is secure in the presence of noise on the channel and a potential eavesdropper. Comparing with oblivious transfer protocols in classical computational environment, the protocol in this paper is superior in security, soundness and wire-tapping detecting.