智利外海茎柔鱼渔获率及钓捕技术的初步研究

Preliminary study of catch composition and fishing technology of Dosidicus gigas in the high seas off Chile

根据2006年4-6月我国鱿钓船对东南太平洋智利外海茎柔鱼资源探捕,对捕捞产量及其钓捕技术进行了分析。探捕期间,其产量以手钓为主,约占总产量的98%。试验表明,八角型手钓钩的脱钩率为6.5%-19.5%,平均为13.2%。船体后部和前部的手钓脱钩率较高,中部较低。机钓脱钩率为20.7%-46.2%,平均为32.9%。茎柔鱼对机钓钩的颜色具有选择性,其中荧白色机钓钩的钓获率为最高,其次为绿色,橙色为最低。集鱼灯为金属卤化物灯时（2kW×180盏）,八角型手钓钩的钓捕产量比四角型手钓钩高0.5倍;凌晨02：00-03：30时采用高压钠灯时（30盏×500W）,四角型手钓钩反过来比八角型手钓钩高0.35倍。

The experiments on fishing technology of Dosidicus gigas were made by Chinese squid jigging boats during April and June of 2006 in the high seas off Chile. The results showed that the catch mainly comes from the hand jigging which accounts for about 98 percent of the total. The hook-off rate of eight-angle hand jigger is from 6.5 to 19.5 percent, and the average is 13.2 percent. The average hook-off rate of hand-jigger in the low and the stern is higher than that in the middle-part of the boat. The hook-off rate of machine-jigger is from 20.7 to 46.2 percent, and the average is 32.9 percent. The experiment showed that the squid, Dosidicus gigas, has the selectivity to the color of jigger, and the highest fishing rate belongs to the fluorescent jigger, the next is the green jigger, and the lowest fishing rate comes from the orange jigger. When the gathering-fish metal halide lamp （ 180 lamps, 2kW per lamp） is used, the fishing catch of eight-angle hand jigger is 0.5 times higher than the four-angle jigger, but when the high pressure sodium lamp （30 lamps, 500W per lamp） is used during the local time 02 -00 to 03：30, the fishing catch of four-angle jigger is 0.35 times higher than that of eight-angle jigger.