家族性与散发性精神分裂症患者前驱症状特征分析

Analyses of precursory symptom features between familial and sporadic schizophrenics

目的探讨家族性与散发性精神分裂症患者前驱症状的临床特征,为临床防治提供依据。方法对31例有家族史的精神分裂症患者(家族组)和83例无家族史的精神分裂症患者(散发组),采用自拟的"家族性与散发性精神分裂症患者前驱症状及临床症状调查问卷"评定前驱症状,采用简明精神病量表、阴性症状量表和阳性症状量表评定精神症状,对两组评定结果进行对比分析。结果家族组多数起病缓慢,多无明显诱因,散发组多为急性起病且多有刺激诱因(P<0.05或0.01);两组情感、行为、思维和类神经衰弱方面的前驱症状发生率均无显著性差异(P均>0.05)。简明精神病量表、阴性症状量表和阳性症状量表评分均无显著性差异(P均>0.05)。结论家族性与散发性精神分裂症的病情表现较接近,前驱症状均较突出,早期识别有利于预防发病及早期干预。

Objective To explore clinical features of premonitory symptoms between familial and sporadic schizophrenics to provide bases for clinical prevention and cure. Methods Premonitory symptoms were assessed with the Premonitory Symptoms and Clinical Symptoms Questionnaire （PSCSQ） and psychiatric symptoms with The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale（BPRS）, the Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms （SANS） and the Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms（SAPS） in 31 patients with familial schizophrenia（familial group） and 83 ones with sporadic schizophrenia（sporadic group）. Results Most of familial schizophrenia came on slowly and had no obvious causing factors, while sporadic ones acutely and stimulating causing factors（P〈0.05 or 0.01） ; Their were no significant differences in premonitory symptoms of feeling,behavior, thinking and psychoneuroid aspects（P〉0.05） and in the scores of the BPRS, the SANS and the SAPS（P〉0.05） between the 2 groups. Conclusion Condition manifestations of familial and sporadic schizophrenics are similar and premonitory symptoms of both two groups are more outstanding, earlier discrimination is in favour of preventing invasion and early intervention.